World trade issues include various challenges and opportunities that are interrelated and influence the global economy. In recent decades, globalization has accelerated trade between countries, but has also given rise to various complex problems. One of the main challenges is increasing protectionism. Many countries implement tariffs and import duties to protect their domestic industries. For example, the trade war between the United States and China has caused global market instability, affecting supply chains and prices of goods around the world. This policy not only has an impact on relations between countries, but also causes a spike in the prices of goods for consumers. In addition, the issue of environmental sustainability is increasingly becoming a concern. International trade is often accompanied by excessive exploitation of natural resources, triggering ecosystem damage. Countries are now required to integrate environmentally friendly practices in their trade policies. Companies that adopt sustainable practices can find new opportunities in a market that increasingly pays attention to ecological aspects. Imbalances in the distribution of wealth and social injustice also pose serious challenges. Developing countries are often marginalized in the global trading system, facing market and technological access barriers. Initiatives such as fair trade provide opportunities for small producers to compete, but the challenge is creating consistent and effective regulation. Digitalization is triggering a revolution in world trade. E-commerce opens up opportunities for small companies to reach global markets without the need for large investments. However, this also brings new challenges, especially in terms of data security and consumer protection. Countries must transition to regulations that support innovation while providing adequate protection. Free trade agreements such as RCEP and USMCA have brought benefits to the countries involved. This agreement reduces tariff barriers, creating better access to international markets. However, the success of this agreement is highly dependent on the implementation and compliance with the agreed provisions. Technological innovations, such as blockchain and AI, are also opening up new opportunities in supply chain management. Utilizing this technology can increase transparency and efficiency, allowing companies to ensure product quality and safety. This is especially important in the food and consumer goods sectors, where consumer trust is a key criterion. Another opportunity arises from the increasing demand for goods and services in emerging market countries. The growing middle class in Southeast Asia and Africa brings huge growth potential. Global brands are now investing in these markets, seeking to harness the new power of consumption. Geopolitical friction also influences trade dynamics. Competition between major powers such as the US and China is triggering changes in global supply chains. Countries in Southeast Asia are seeking to profit from this shift, providing an alternative for companies looking to diversify. Global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have shown how vulnerable the world trading system is. Disruptions to supply chains, shortages of medical supplies, and price fluctuations highlight the need for resilience in the trading system. This is encouraging countries to rethink dependence on specific countries and seek diversification of sources. It is important to develop foreign and trade policies that are responsive to these new challenges, supporting inclusive and sustainable economic growth while encouraging international cooperation. Countries that can navigate these challenges, while taking advantage of existing opportunities, will be ready to face the dynamic future of world trade.