World Tsunamis: History and Impact on Society Tsunamis are natural phenomena that occur due to shifts in tectonic plates, volcanic eruptions, or underwater landslides. In history, several tsunamis have left deep traces, both in terms of social, economic and environmental impacts. One of the most famous tsunamis was the one that occurred on December 26, 2004 in the Indian Ocean, resulting in more than 230,000 deaths in 14 countries. History records the Krakatoa Tsunami in 1883, which resulted from the eruption of the Krakatoa volcano. Waves as high as 30 meters destroyed the coast of Java and Sumatra, killing around 36,000 people. This tsunami was a turning point in tsunami studies, stimulating further research into early warning mechanisms and systems. The impact of a tsunami varies greatly depending on location, strength and ocean depth. In countries with strong infrastructure, impacts may be reduced, but in poor areas, losses can be very large. For example, the 2004 Aceh tsunami not only destroyed buildings, but also changed the lives of hundreds of thousands of people, forcing them to lose their homes, jobs, and loved ones. The tsunami also triggered massive displacement. After the 2010 Haiti tsunami, many residents were forced to leave their homes due to extensive damage. This movement can make certain areas densely populated, which has the potential to trigger social conflict and worsen socio-economic conditions. The economic impact of the tsunami was no less significant. The tourism sector, for example, collapsed after the disaster. In the case of the 2004 tsunami, many popular tourist destinations such as Phuket, Thailand, experienced a drastic decline in tourist arrivals. Economic recovery takes time, and many small businesses cannot survive. Environmental aspects are also impacted. Tsunamis bring trash, waste and hazardous materials to shore, damaging coastal ecosystems. Areas affected by tsunamis often experience water pollution, which has a negative impact on public health. Environmental rehabilitation is important to restore the basic needs of humans and local fauna. To reduce the impact of a tsunami, an early warning system is very important. Countries on the “Pacific Ring of Fire” such as Indonesia, Japan and Chile have developed better systems for monitoring seismic activity. Communities must be involved in training and education programs, so that they know what steps to take if a tsunami occurs. By understanding the history and impact of tsunamis, we can be better prepared and responsive to possible future disasters. Knowledge will make society more resilient, minimize losses, and help the recovery process more quickly. Making contingency plans and investing in resilient infrastructure is also very necessary so that the impact of disasters can be reduced. It is important to continue research and development of disaster mitigation and response technologies. Collaboration between government, non-governmental organizations and local communities is key in reducing tsunami risk. With a holistic approach, communities can build better resilience to these unexpected disasters.